Working model of genetic ancestry. Based on consumer DNA testing.
Raw Data Sources
| Source | Date | File | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| AncestryDNA raw genome (Clay Fulghum) | 2026-03-28 | Fulghum/ClayAncestryDNA.txt |
434,837 SNPs, V2.0 array, build 37.1 coordinates |
| AncestryDNA ancestry composition | (not yet exported) | Copy ethnicity percentages from Ancestry web UI | |
| 23andMe reports summary (Jordan Fulghum) | 2026-04-15 | Fulghum/Jordan Fulghum Reports Summary - 23andMe.pdf |
Ancestry composition, haplogroups, traits |
| 23andMe ancestry composition (Jordan Fulghum) | 2026-04-15 | Fulghum/Jordan_Fulghum_ancestry_composition_0.5.csv |
Chromosome-level ancestry painting at 0.5 confidence threshold |
| 23andMe family tree (Jordan Fulghum) | 2026-04-15 | Fulghum/jordan_fulghum_family_tree_download_23_and_me.json |
Computed family tree structure from DNA matches (anonymized node IDs, no names) |
| GEDmatch (Jordan Fulghum) | 2026-04-17 | Kit FV2782868 | 23andMe raw data uploaded. Jtest, Oracle, Oracle-4 run. |
Haplogroups
Maternal: J1c
Haplogroup J1c is widespread across Europe, with highest frequencies in the Near East, Caucasus, and Mediterranean. It is one of the more common haplogroups among Ashkenazi Jewish populations, though it is also well represented in non-Jewish European populations. J1c descends from haplogroup J, which originated in the Near East ~45,000 years ago.
Genealogical implication: Jordan's maternal haplogroup traces his direct maternal line (mother's mother's mother, etc.). On the Fulghum side this runs: Jordan's mother (T Fulghum, née Eggers) → Jackie Eggers → Adeline Warnke → Louise Jelinek → Anna Kozlovsky. The J1c assignment is consistent with Central/Eastern European origin (Bohemian Czech via Jelinek/Kozlovsky). J1c's presence among Ashkenazi populations may also be relevant given the 14.9% Ashkenazi composition (see below).
Paternal: R-P311
Haplogroup R-P311 (also known as R1b-P311) is a subclade of R1b, the most common Y-chromosome haplogroup in Western Europe. R-P311 is ancestral to the major Western European branches R-U106 (Germanic) and R-P312 (Celtic/Italic). It is broadly distributed across Western and Central Europe.
Genealogical implication: Jordan's paternal haplogroup traces his direct paternal line (father's father's father, etc.). On the Fulghum side this runs: Jordan's father (Gary Fulghum) → Gale Fulghum → Edward Awalt (if confirmed as biological father). The Awalt family descends from German settlers in Pennsylvania and Texas (William Michael Awalt, 1834-1874). R-P311 is consistent with Germanic paternal ancestry.
Ancestry Composition (Jordan Fulghum, 23andMe, April 2026)
| Category | Subcategory | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| British & Irish | 70.7% | |
| English | 60.9% | |
| Scottish | 5.0% | |
| Irish | 2.5% | |
| Welsh | 2.3% | |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | 14.9% | |
| Western European | 9.1% | |
| Austrian & Southern German | 6.9% | |
| Swiss, Southwestern German & Western Austrian | 2.2% | |
| Central & Eastern European | 3.1% | |
| Belarusian, Polish & Ukrainian | 2.3% | |
| Czech, Hungarian, Slovak & Southern Polish | 0.8% | |
| Spanish & Portuguese | 1.2% | |
| Aragonese & Catalan | 1.2% | |
| Nordic | 1.0% | |
| Swedish | 1.0% | |
| Total European | 100.0% |
Confidence-Tiered Synthesis
Strong Signal
~71% British & Irish (predominantly English)
- Consistent with deep colonial American ancestry on the Fulghum paternal side: Vaughan, Jones, Samples, Kirby, Anderson, Farrar lines all trace to Virginia, Kentucky, and Missouri from English/Scottish/Irish origins.
- 60.9% English is the dominant component; 5.0% Scottish aligns with documented Anderson line (Fortrose, Scotland).
- Chromosome painting shows British & Irish on both parental copies across nearly all chromosomes.
~9% Western European (Austrian & Southern German)
- Consistent with documented German ancestry: Eggers (Hamburg), Warnke (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern via Saline Co, NE), Awalt (German-Texan, Pennsylvania German origin).
- 6.9% Austrian & Southern German + 2.2% Swiss/SW German.
Moderate Signal
~3% Central & Eastern European
- 2.3% Belarusian/Polish/Ukrainian + 0.8% Czech/Hungarian/Slovak.
- The Czech component aligns with the Jelinek/Kozlovsky line (Mezna, Bohemia → Saline Co, Nebraska).
- The Belarusian/Polish/Ukrainian component may connect to unplaced maternal DNA surnames (Andrejczyn, Bodnaryk, Buranicz) identified in Clay's AncestryDNA maternal clusters.
Unexplained / Requires Investigation
~14.9% Ashkenazi Jewish (corroborated by GEDmatch Jtest at ~12%)
- 23andMe reports 14.9%; GEDmatch Eurogenes Jtest reports 6.24% pure ASHKENAZI + 3.26% EAST_MED + 4.34% WEST_ASIAN (~13.8% total), consistent when accounting for how each platform defines Ashkenazi boundaries.
- GEDmatch Oracle's best AJ model: 88% Dutch + 12% Ashkenazi Jewish. This suggests the Ashkenazi derives from a single recent ancestor (one great-great-grandparent fully Ashkenazi, or one great-grandparent half Ashkenazi), not diffuse contributions from many lines.
- PATERNAL ORIGIN CONFIRMED (2026-04-18): GEDmatch triangulation ruled out all maternal lines. Jordan's Ashkenazi matches (Levine, Tepperman, Gorshtein, Wasserman, Ben-Shoshan, Wald, Gutman, Littman, etc.) show zero shared DNA with maternal grandmother Jackie (kit A175958). The Ashkenazi enters through Gary Fulghum's line, ultimately through Gale's biological parents: Edward Awalt or Clara Francis Loyd.
- Chromosome painting (0.5 confidence CSV) shows Ashkenazi segments on both parental copies. The "maternal copy" Ashkenazi segments may reflect phasing artifacts now that the source is confirmed as paternal, or there may be a small secondary maternal contribution too faint for GEDmatch matches to detect.
- No documented family line has known Jewish ancestry.
- Remaining candidates: Clara Francis Loyd's parents (poorly documented), Edward Awalt's mother's line.
- See Open Questions Q57 for full analysis.
~1.2% Spanish & Portuguese (Aragonese & Catalan)
- No documented Iberian ancestry. Could be noise, or could relate to Sephardic admixture (sometimes detected alongside Ashkenazi). Could also reflect deep ancestry in a colonial American line.
~1.0% Nordic (Swedish)
- No documented Scandinavian ancestry. Could reflect deep ancestry in the Hamburg Eggers line (proximity to Scandinavia) or noise.
23andMe DNA Matches (Jordan Fulghum, April 2026)
Known Family
| Match | Relationship | DNA Shared | Side | Vault Person |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T Fulghum | Mother | 50.00%, 23 seg | Mother's | Teresa Eggers Fulghum |
| Walter Eggers | Grandfather | 26.86%, 35 seg | Mother's | Walter_J_Eggers_III |
| Jackie Eggers | Grandmother | 24.68%, 29 seg | Mother's | Jacqueline_Britt_Eggers |
Maternal Side (Eggers/Warnke/Jelinek)
| Match | Relationship | DNA Shared | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Benjamin Dunham | Half Great-Uncle | 4.02%, 11 seg | = Ben Durham in vault. Half-brother to Jackie Eggers through Adeline_Warnke. 23andMe confirms name as "Benjamin Dunham." |
| Gregory Queen | Half 1C1R | 3.22%, 11 seg | New. Unplaced. Could connect to unplaced maternal clusters (Ahner, Amick, or Czech surnames). |
| Jodee Reeland | 2C1R | 1.36%, 5 seg | New. Unplaced. |
Paternal Side (Fulghum/Awalt/Loyd) -- Unlabeled Matches
These matches have no "Mother's side" label, indicating they are likely paternal (Fulghum). All show "half" relationships, consistent with descent from Gale Fulghum's biological parents (Edward Awalt and Clara Loyd), both of whom had separate families.
| Match | Relationship | DNA Shared | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marlene Fishman | Half 1C1R | 3.56%, 9 seg | Born Marlene R. Gunta (Jan 1947, KC area). "Fishman" is a married name; first married James Patrick Albrecht (1975, Grandview, MO). All four documented grandparents Italian-born (Giunta, Bonadonna, Barone). Jordan has zero Italian ancestry. Probable NPE in Marlene's line; biological connection to Jordan is through an undocumented non-Italian parent. KC area (Leawood, KS, 1985-2020+). See Q58. |
| Noel Ewing | Half 1C2R | 1.75%, 6 seg | New. Unplaced. |
| Amy Cheuk | Half 2C | 2.25%, 8 seg | New. Unplaced. |
| Lauren Cain | Half 2C | 2.01%, 8 seg | New. Unplaced. |
| JL | Half 2C | 1.65%, 7 seg | Almost certainly the same J.L. who matched Clay at 11 cM on AncestryDNA (paternal, private tree). Cross-platform corroboration of Awalt line. |
| Jennifer Kaufmann | Half 2C | 1.32%, 6 seg | New. Unplaced. |
| Loren Reif | Half 2C | 1.05%, 7 seg | New. Unplaced. |
Family Tree Structure (from JSON)
The 23andMe computed family tree (anonymized, no names) shows one great-grandparent node with three different partners, producing the majority of half-relative clusters. This node likely represents either Adeline Warnke (maternal side, known to have had children with multiple partners) or an ancestor on the Fulghum side. The tree contains 6 half-great-uncle nodes, 6 half-1C1R nodes, and 5 half-2nd-cousin nodes.
Genetic-to-Genealogical Mapping
| Genetic Component | % | Family Lines | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| English | ~61% | Vaughan, Jones, Samples, Kirby, Anderson, Farrar, Loyd, Haines (paternal colonial lines) | Strong |
| Scottish | ~5% | Anderson (Fortrose, Scotland) | Strong |
| Irish | ~2.5% | Mullaney, Corrigan, Mooney (wife's side, not Jordan's DNA); possibly Stokes (maternal grandmother's side) | Moderate |
| Welsh | ~2.3% | Unplaced | Low |
| Ashkenazi Jewish | ~14.9% (23andMe) / ~12% (GEDmatch Oracle) | Paternal. GEDmatch triangulation (2026-04-18) confirmed: not through Jackie/Eggers/maternal. Source is Awalt or Loyd line. | Moderate |
| Austrian & Southern German | ~6.9% | Eggers (Hamburg), Warnke (Mecklenburg), Awalt (PA German) | Moderate |
| Swiss/SW German | ~2.2% | Possibly Awalt/Soules line or Warnke/Kuchenmeister | Low |
| Belarusian/Polish/Ukrainian | ~2.3% | Possibly Kozlovsky line (Anna Kozlovsky, Czech/Eastern European) | Moderate |
| Czech/Hungarian/Slovak | ~0.8% | Jelinek (Mezna, Bohemia), Kozlovsky | Strong |
| Aragonese & Catalan | ~1.2% | Unplaced | Speculative |
| Swedish | ~1.0% | Unplaced | Speculative |